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Scientific bamboo rattan丨Enhance the strength and thermal stability of bamboo, and help the development of green buildings

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Author : Raymond
Update time : 2025-06-18 11:13:04

现代木结构的防火安全持续受到广泛关注,尤其是在火灾发生时。金属连接件的高导热性会加速木材的碳化,降低结构的整体耐火性能。在全球变暖和能源短缺的背景下,竹子作为一种可持续材料,在结构应用方面拥有巨大的潜力。研究表明,通过物理和化学改性(例如热压处理)去除木质素和半纤维素,同时保留竹子原有的纤维取向和分级结构,可以提高竹子的力学性能。虽然高强度生物材料有望成为金属连接件的替代品,但其在极端高温环境下的性能和可靠性尚未得到充分开发。因此,中国研究人员开发了一种环保、高性能的复合改性竹胶合板,可作为可持续建筑中金属连接件的替代品。这为竹子和绿色建筑材料的高值化应用提供了科学基础。

复合改性胶粘竹制备工艺示意图。

复合改性竹胶合板力学性能测试表明,竹子的弯曲模量、弯曲强度和拉伸强度都有明显提高。与天然竹子相比,经过12小时碱处理后的复合改性竹胶合板的弯曲模量、弯曲强度和拉伸强度分别提高了1.8倍、2.2倍和1.7倍。随着碱处理时间的增加,材料的延展性提高,表明其在保持强度的同时,能够保持一定的塑性变形能力。材料的热稳定性分析表明,复合改性竹胶合板的氧指数与碱处理时间呈正相关,表明碱处理提高了竹子的耐火性能,使其在空气中的可燃性降低。结果表明,与未处理的竹子相比,复合改性竹子具有更优异的耐火性能和更高的热稳定性。对复合改性竹材的动态力学性能随温度变化进行动态力学分析表明,该处理降低了竹材内部孔隙率和分子运动,从而降低了阻尼性能,提高了竹材的玻璃化转变温度,并在热压缩过程中保持了细胞壁的完整性。这使得复合改性竹材具有良好的界面相互作用和应力传递。

原文发表于《竹藤杂志》第5卷第4期(摘自2024年4月20日发表于《清洁生产杂志》第451卷的一篇文章)

著者| Qian Jin, Yue Kong, Liu Shaodong, Lu Dong, Wu Peng, Li Quan

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